There are many academic disciplines and other areas of interest that are related to mathematics to varying degrees. Some of these are listed below.
- Accounting — concerned with accurate bookkeeping and related matters; uses arithmetic and elementary algebra, but otherwise only tangentially related to mathematics itself
- Computer science — closely related to discrete mathematics
- Economics — uses many techniques of analysis, probability, statistics and decision theory
- Finance — uses techniques of elementary algebra and statistics; mathematics of finance is a subfield of applied mathematics
- History of mathematics — attempts to describe the development of mathematical ideas and techniques over human history
- Information theory —
- Mathematical physics — uses techniques of analysis, probability and statistics to study the structure and behavior of the universe
- Mathematics education — concerned with how people process, learn and understand mathematical information and the best ways to teach mathematics to students
- Numerology — uses numerals and elementary arithmetic, but no other connection to mathematics; in some ways, more like recreational mathematics
- Operations research —
- Recreational mathematics — includes games and puzzles
- Systems theory —