Pi, the 16th Greek letter, written in lowercase as π and capitalized as Π (sometimes written ), can refer to the following mathematical concepts.
- The mathematical constant , representing the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter (also known as Archimedes's number)
- The product operator Π — e.g., . (See also product of a sequence.) It is functionally similar to summation notation, using , which is the sum of a sequence.
- The prime counting function π(x). (See also prime numbers.)
- The transformation (horizontal shift) of the Gamma function: .
- The reciprocal of its capitalized counterpart: .